Castlebrook Clinical Trials Digest — 2026-W18ew post

Zeng G et al. · Lancet. 2026 Apr 25;407(10539):1626-1638. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00367-3. · PMID 42035778

Why it matters: A randomised controlled trial published in Lancet reporting Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly those at more advanced stages, have been systematically under-represented in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of bloo.

Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly those at more advanced stages, have been systematically under-represented in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of blood-pressure-lowering treatment due to safety concerns, leading to a persistent paucity of evidence for cardiovascular risk management in this high-risk group.

Mancuso ME et al. · N Engl J Med. 2026 Apr 30;394(17):1696-1709. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2517384. · PMID 42054679

Why it matters: A randomised controlled trial published in N Engl J Med reporting Mim8 (denecimig), a bispecific antibody mimicking activated factor VIII, was developed for bleeding prophylaxis in patients with hemophilia A with or without factor VIII inhibitors.

Mim8 (denecimig), a bispecific antibody mimicking activated factor VIII, was developed for bleeding prophylaxis in patients with hemophilia A with or without factor VIII inhibitors. In this phase 3, randomized trial, we assigned patients 12 years of age or older with hemophilia A with or without inhibitors to receive subcutaneous Mim8 once weekly or once monthly at a dose tiered according to body weight and given in a fixed injection volume (0.8 ml).

Pharmacological blood-pressure lowering for the prevention of cardiovascular disease and death across the full spectrum of chronic kidney disease severity: an individual-participant data meta-analysis. · Lancet, 2026 · PMID 42035778

Diagnosis and Management of Resistant Hypertension: A Review. · JAMA, 2026 · PMID 41870448

Lead-Attributable Cardiovascular Disease Burden: Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. · JAMA, 2026 · PMID 41910985

Heart Attack Education and EMS Response in High-Risk, Low EMS Usage Areas: A Stepped-Wedge Cluster-Randomized Trial. · JAMA Netw Open, 2026 · PMID 42043820

Evolocumab to Reduce First Major Cardiovascular Events in Patients Without Known Significant Atherosclerosis and With Diabetes: Results From the VESALIUS-CV Trial. · JAMA, 2026 · PMID 41903215

Audiovisual Augmentation of Electronic Consent to Improve Consent Rates and Comprehension: A Randomized Clinical Trial. · JAMA Netw Open, 2026 · PMID 42060306

Care Coordination and Hospitalization in Older Adults With or at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial. · JAMA Netw Open, 2026 · PMID 42048081

Primary Care Telemedicine vs In-Person Antibiotic Prescribing for Pediatric Respiratory Tract Infections. · JAMA Netw Open, 2026 · PMID 42065885

CDK4/6 inhibitors plus endocrine therapy versus endocrine monotherapy in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer: a reconstructed individual patient data meta-analysis of phase 3 randomised controlled trials. · Lancet Oncol, 2026 · PMID 42061371

Safety and antitumour activity of ipatasertib combined with endocrine therapy and a CDK4/6 inhibitor in HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer (TAKTIC): a single-centre, open-label, phase 1b trial. · Lancet Oncol, 2026 · PMID 42061370

Neuroendocrine and neural control of bone mass in health and disease. · J Clin Invest, 2026 · PMID 42065237

From necroptosis to neuroinflammation: Unraveling mechanisms and therapeutic targets in age-related cognitive decline. · Biomed Pharmacother, 2026 · PMID 42054746

Smoldering in the sanctuary: HIV-associated brain injury in the ART era. · J Clin Invest, 2026 · PMID 42065243

Accelerated continuous theta burst stimulation targeting left primary motor cortex for children with autism spectrum disorder: multicentre randomised sham controlled trial. · BMJ, 2026 · PMID 42055586

Controlling Fecal Incontinence With a Novel Anal Device: A Randomized Clinical Trial. · JAMA Netw Open, 2026 · PMID 42048080

Pulmonary Tuberculosis Detection with MiniDock MTB Using Swab Samples. · NEJM, 2026 · PMID 42054680

Untangling the complex relationship between HIV-exposure and tuberculosis in children: a narrative review. · Lancet Glob Health, 2026 · PMID 41999718

Evaluation of a face-washing behaviour change intervention for trachoma prevention in Oromia, Ethiopia (Stronger SAFE): secondary outcomes of a cluster-randomised controlled trial. · Lancet Glob Health, 2026 · PMID 41895308

Safety and efficacy of the monoclonal antibody L9LS for malaria prevention in children exposed to perennial malaria transmission in Kenya: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. · Lancet, 2026 · PMID 42035777

On-treatment serum prostate-specific antigen and overall survival in prostate cancer (STAMPEDE platform protocol): a post-hoc analysis of data from five phase 3 trials. · Lancet Oncol, 2026 · PMID 42061373

Pain and health-related quality-of-life outcomes with darolutamide in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (ARANOTE): secondary and exploratory analyses of a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. · Lancet Oncol, 2026 · PMID 41969015

International multisociety Delphi consensus for liver tumour thermal ablation: procedural and practice standards. · Lancet Oncol, 2026 · PMID 42061383

International multisociety Delphi consensus for liver tumour thermal ablation: margin assessment. · Lancet Oncol, 2026 · PMID 42061382

Clinical trial endpoints for metastases-directed therapy in oligometastatic cancer: a review and Delphi consensus on behalf of the EORTC-ESTRO OligoCare consortium. · Lancet Oncol, 2026 · PMID 42061381

First-Line Zongertinib in Advanced HER2-Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. · NEJM, 2026 · PMID 41985129

Targeting MEK in cancer and beyond: mechanistic insights and therapeutic opportunities. · Lancet, 2026 · PMID 42001896

Streamlining Inherited Cancer Identification via an EMR-Integrated Risk Assessment Platform: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial. · JAMA Netw Open, 2026 · PMID 42054024

The impact of stem cell secretome, exosomes, and photobiomodulation on enhancing diabetic wound recovery. · Biomed Pharmacother, 2026 · PMID 42068816

Mim8 Bispecific Antibody Prophylaxis in Hemophilia A with or without Inhibitors. · NEJM, 2026 · PMID 42054679

Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus oral ferrous sulphate for the treatment of moderate-to-severe postpartum anaemia in Nigerian women (IVON-PP): an open-label, randomised controlled trial. · Lancet Glob Health, 2026 · PMID 41865415

Clinical and bacteriological effectiveness of three different short-course antibiotic regimens and single-dose fosfomycin for uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections in women (SCOUT): a pragmatic, multicentre, open-label, randomised clinical trial. · Lancet, 2026 · PMID 42026010

Bowel Management and Standard Urotherapy in Pediatric Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction: A Randomized Clinical Trial. · JAMA Netw Open, 2026 · PMID 42043819

Barrett's Esophagus. · NEJM, 2026 · PMID 42054681

Implementing sustainable liver health in Europe: a second EASL-Lancet Commission. · Lancet, 2026 · PMID 42068985

Changes in Clinician Time Expenditure and Visit Quantity With Adoption of Artificial Intelligence-Powered Scribes: A Multisite Study. · JAMA, 2026 · PMID 41920565

A Multicomponent Intervention to Improve Maternal Infection Outcomes. · NEJM, 2026 · PMID 41259754

Setting research priorities to understand and address the impact of climate change on the health of women and children in low-income and middle-income countries using the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative method. · Lancet Glob Health, 2026 · PMID 41903554

Research priorities for improved pandemic and epidemic intelligence. · Lancet Glob Health, 2026 · PMID 42035759

Effect on birthweight of an antenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation programme compared with iron-folic acid supplementation: a cluster-randomised, controlled trial in 85 698 Ethiopian women. · Lancet Glob Health, 2026 · PMID 41871585

Impact of Cannabis Edibles Combined With Alcohol on Driving, Field Sobriety Performance, and Subjective Effects: A Within-Participant Crossover Trial. · JAMA Netw Open, 2026 · PMID 42065887

Estrogen deficiency and risk of hearing loss in pediatric Turner syndrome. · J Clin Invest, 2026 · PMID 41774494

Castlebrook Clinical Intelligence · · 2026-05-03